Thursday, February 19, 2015

Color Psychology and Marketing

Market researchers have long understood that colors affect our emotions. In one study, researchers found that 85% of shoppers say color is a primary reason for buying a particular product.  Design companies, such as The Logo Company, have outlined how different colors affect our emotions and use this knowledge for branding.
Academic research suggests colors do more than just affect our emotions or encourage us to buy one product over another. In a study from the University of British Columbia, the effects of color on cognitive task performance were analyzed. Participants were asked to complete a series of tasks on a computer, some with a red background, some with blue, and others with a neutral screen. They found that red increased performance on detail-oriented tasks while blue increased creativity. Co-author of the study, Juliet Zhu, suggests that red stimulates attention to detail because people associate red with danger, making them more cautious. However, “blue is the color of the sky, the ocean, safety; when their environment is safe, people are more explorative,” and therefore more creative. In another study, from The University of Minnesota, researchers asked participants to allocate a given budget such that their combined profits were maximized. They found that in a 5 minute trial, “over 70% of the subjects with multicolor reports obtained a close to optimum solution compared to only 33% of the subjects with mono-chromatic reports”.
Corporate researchers have also chimed in – in one experiment, HubSpot created two webpages that included a “Get Started Now” button. The two webpages were identical in all ways, except for the color of the button (one was green and one was red). Surprisingly, the red button outperformed the green button by 21%. Subtle changes, such as which colors are used, can make a big difference on how a company, a website, or a presenter is perceived.
When it comes to presenting, the understanding that colors effect how people feel and react has dramatic implications for your visual communications. What colors are best to use for your slides? According to our research, along with other sources, blue is often used in the corporate world because it is conservative and tranquil. People wishing to create a discussion around their presentation should consider green backgrounds, as they promote interaction. Yellow is great for grabbing the audience’s attention, or to highlight key points on a slide. Some studies even suggest yellow enhances memory as it stimulates mental activity. Red can be used to display passion for a topic and get an audience excited about a message. Because purple does not often appear in nature, it is considered to be exotic. It also stimulates creativity. Avoid using too many colors at one time, as they will distract the audience from your message. When creating visuals for a presentation, consider how the colors you choose will affect the audience’s emotions; will they complement your message or take away from it instead.
What colors are best to wear when presenting on stage or leading a meeting?  Our research shows that darker colors are perceived as being “heavier”. Professionals and organizations wanting to come across as authoritative should consider wearing black, while companies wishing to inspire optimism should lean towards yellow. Grey is the most neutral and won’t grab any attention. Red has been shown to increase heart rates, and can therefore be used to help excite an audience. Blue is often calming and associated with trust.
However, deciding what to wear is a different process for online presentations, as the camera effects how colors will appear to an audience. For example, while red may come across as exciting in person, it often “bleeds” into other parts of the picture on camera and becomes distracting. Avoid wearing white, as it will appear to “glow” and overpower the face. Black colors often require more light to show up on camera and will wash out the face or other objects in the picture. Research shows that in general, the best colors to wear are cool blues, purples, pastels and natural hues. Both men and women should choose a solid color that complements their skin tone. Also, it’s important to find out what your background on screen will be, and avoid colors that might clash with it.
While the color of your slides and your shirt may seem like subtle or unnecessary distractions, the data demonstrates that first impressions and likeability are driven more by visual cues than by auditory ones…color matters.



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